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My code seems to work outside the Codewards environment, but the test is returning incorrect results for the last two cases. Could anyone help me out?

If your code fails the tests, it's your code that is wrong and not the other way around. Please read the error messages given to you:

'bdfhjl' should equal `['b', 'd', 'f', 'h', 'j', 'l']

You're returning a str but you're supposed to return a list (to be fair, mixed return types are bad practice).

Please use appropriate formatting when posting code. See https://docs.codewars.com/training/troubleshooting/#post-discourse.

can anyone help me figure out what's going wrong with my code?

You're printing instead of returning. See https://docs.codewars.com/training/troubleshooting#.print-vs-return and https://docs.codewars.com/training/training-example/.