Thank You. That was a really concise explanation.

In a class, there are three types of methods: instance methods, class methods, and static methods. Instance methods are defined with a mandatory parameter self, alongside any other required parameters. For class methods, we use the @classmethod decorator before the method and include a mandatory parameter named cls, along with other parameters. Static methods, on the other hand, don't require a decorator and function like normal Python functions without needing a mandatory parameter. When written within a class, they behave as static methods by default, but you can add clarity by using the @staticmethod decorator. Remember it's common practice to use decorators and highly recommended.

Why did you use @staticmethod on top of all the functions? (I am a newbie so pardon my questions)

I believe as a best practice is important to add comments inside a function for other developers. This was the simple way I found to code it in 1 line. let me know your comments.

Interesting the way you create the return %i %i. Something new for me thx

Easy to understand!