this should really be part of the description

Would someone care to explain what this comment means? Thanks in advance.

same as me>>>

It's regex combined with a "replacement routine" offered by the C++ std lib . Have a look at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regular_expression. In short, it looks for anything which looks like (alphanumeric character)(maybe some more alphanumeric characters)(whitespace or end), and replaces the captured parts (in parentheses) as (maybe some more alphanumeric characters)(alphanumeric character)ay(whitespace or end). Imho, the last capture group should actually also include punctuation to work correctly.

Play reverses immediately, no need to pay the seond penalty

Execution lands wherever the jnz says, skipping over other instructions.

jnz +1 +2
dec a
inc a

The above code skips over "dec a" to perform "inc a". The +2 is relative to the "jnz" line, and +1 is always non-zero.

Did you ever figure this out?

The question is if for example , during a penalty, I have to play 2 cards and the first one is a special card. So do I have to play the second one then or the penalty will be reversed without playing it?

I wanted to ask if the jnz ,after executing the required command, jump backs to itself or executes the commands between the required command and jnz?

Someone mind explaining the solution?

Pardon my lack of knowledge, but what do you mean by 'mutating input'? 'Cause I'm facing the same issue as you.

This solution is simple , elegant and concise. Appreciate it.

Thanks!

Yes, jnz REGISTER OFFSET will jump by OFFSET operations back/forward.

And if it is given as a offset of 2, will it jump 2 instructions?