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    The problem description is NOT totally correct. it's not how many rats died. We have a total of 10 rats. That's it. These rats are put on position numbered from 0 to 9, so total 10 rats.
    1000 bottles of wine are also numbered from 0 to 999. Then each bottle of wine is polled into the glasses in front of the rats according to the binary representation of the bottle number, that is: if the bottle number has bit 1 for position i (0<=i<=9), then poll wine into the glass of that position.
    The numbers we received should be the position number of the rats.