the if statement works only if condition is true, so if b was a true it will run and return a True and else otherwise,

and if you're talking about the way he write the code this the shorthand if statement in return statement

In a=b cases, the range is basically range object with one value. and sum function looks for values inside the range object (which in this case is just one value), and sums them up.

Please correct me if i'm wrong.

range function fails if the second condition is lower than the first. For ex in the code, range(10, 5) , this wouldnt be able to create that range.

How does this code handle a = b cases? How does this return the value of a or b in such cases.

kata included instructions to not calculate the user into the average

it ensures that the given input is a perfect square. a number with decimals will not return true using that if statement.

its more efficient. however you end up relying on built in functions

This code returns string either way I guess :D

could someone explain the concept behind this