(C) may I suggest precluding the use of strchr, strspn, strtok_r and so on?

Correct, I believe my comment was not clear. What I meant is that the previous position information is useful in this particular case only. It seems the whole parameter is designed around this one case. And also, in some tests the previous position is not correctly set (it is empty)

The definition of "first domino" should be clarified. The instructions say to find the state if the first domino is pushed over. Therefore in a case such as " |" the result should be " /", since that is the result of pushing the first domino. The space is not a domino.

(C) the second argument *p_result_count is unnecessary and confusing since it is not referred to in the description. I first thought it was loaded with just a copy of strlen(number), but no, we are supposed to fill it. What for? It is literally just assigning to it the length of the other parameter...

(Java) Wow this is fun, once I understood what I was meant to do. Not being able to compile outside the site is a pain though. Also, I would say it is more 3 kyu than 4.
Anyway, I'm almost done only missing primeS, but I've gotten a couple random failures on the filters test (filterS should preserve satisfying elements
).
I'm not sure exactly what is going on and since they have only appeared on the "production" tests it is very hard to understand what is going on. Any idea on how I can improve this report?

Following up on my previous comment, the API is weird. It passes the player for which the check must be asserted, but this would otherwise be deducible from the last move (which is not always set). There is only one situation for which the previous move is actually relevant. It feels that the API is dirty just because of this one case. Maybe adding a specific method that checks for this? It is also quite obscure to someone with no familiar knowledge of chess

The tests do not set the previous position for any piece, which is in principle no problem if it wasn't in the spec in the first place. I would rely to only look for checks on the side that did not move, but you cannot do this since the parameter is meaningless. Either set it in the tests, or remove from the spec

That test [[True]] is still there. It should be removed, or accepted as valid. In the end it is still [[1]]